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Document 2550
DOCN M94A2550
TI Epidemiology of HIV-1 infection in El Salvador.
DT 9412
AU Schoenenberg M; Wollants E; Bonilla G; Shor-Posner G; Baum MK; Central
Military Hospital El Salvador.
SO Int Conf AIDS. 1994 Aug 7-12;10(1):279 (abstract no. PC0038). Unique
Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA10/94370025
AB OBJECTIVE: In light of the progressive increase in the number of HIV-1
infected cases in El Salvador over the last 4 years, the major route of
HIV transmission and risk factors for HIV-1 infection were determined.
METHODS: HIV-1 seropositive cases reported to the Department of Health,
Office of Epidemiology, El Salvador, between 1990-1993, were documented.
Serostatus was determined by ELISA and confirmed by Western Blot. Risk
factors status was obtained by standardized questionnaires. RESULTS:
Over the 4 year period, 993 HIV-1 infected individuals were documented:
96 were detected in 1990, 280 in 1991, 286 in 1992 and 331 in 1993.
Among this population, 737 were men, 239 women (sex ratio 3.1:1
male-female) and 17 were children. Most of the infected population
ranged in age between 15-39 years (78%) and generally resided in urban
areas (89%). Detailed information available from 774 cases, indicated
that the principal route of transmission was through sexual contact
(95%), 80% heterosexual, 11% homosexual and 5% bisexual; 2% were
infected through blood transfusion; 1% through intravenous drug use and
an additional 2% were pediatric cases infected through perinatal
transmission. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Sexual contact, predominantly
heterosexual, is the principal route of HIV transmission in El Salvador,
emphasizing the need for preventive HIV/AIDS education programs aimed at
the general population. While the number of people infected through
blood transfusion is low, the necessity for maintaining blood donor
surveillance is clearly indicated. The number of perinatal-infected
cases, although small, indicates the need for seroprevalence screening
among pregnant women.
DE Adolescence Adult Blood Transfusion/ADVERSE EFFECTS Child El
Salvador/EPIDEMIOLOGY Female Human HIV
Infections/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/TRANSMISSION *HIV-1 Male Risk Factors Sex
Behavior MEETING ABSTRACT
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).